Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a visual impairment. The task of correcting myopia is to minimize visual impairment as much as possible while reducing possible consequences.
Correction of myopia should begin, oddly enough, even before the onset of the disease. If it is suspected that a small child may begin to visually deteriorate, prevention should begin immediately.
People suffering from myopia are forced to constantly go to see an ophthalmologist. The most dangerous periods in relation to the development of myopia are early school age, puberty, pregnancy and menopause.
The myopia correction scheme should pursue the task of sealing and improving the penetration of nutrients into the ocular connective tissue. In addition, it is necessary to provide sufficient nutrition for the retina and monitor the state of intraocular pressure.
In addition to carrying out direct correction, it is necessary to observe a sparing regimen regarding vision. This mode includes – the correct lighting during work and in the process of reading, rest for the eyes. The body’s immunity for the correction of myopia is also extremely important, so it certainly needs to be strengthened. The immune system must be able to resist the negative effects on the organs of vision of the environment.
Schoolchildren have a very large load on the organs of vision. For this reason, in the organization of a training place, it is necessary to comply with certain requirements – the size and height of the school desk, the font of texts in textbooks. If a child has myopia, then in order to correct myopia, it is necessary to regularly change glasses.
See also: How to keep your eyesight
Myopia correction is divided into two groups:
– direct correction of myopia, involving medical and surgical treatment;
– prevention of the development or progression of myopia.
Myopia can be corrected in several ways:
– the use of techniques that do not change the refraction of vision, which should include the wearing of corrective means: glasses or contact lenses;
– the use of surgical techniques to correct myopia, for example, an operation to transplant a crunch prosthesis eyeball .
The most common methods for correcting myopia are:
– conservative therapeutic methods: magnetic physiotherapy, laser treatment, eye accommodation training, infrasound massage;
– surgical intervention, which aims to prevent the progression of the disease and the development of various complications;
– scleroplasty . Such an operation is performed if myopia develops very quickly. During the operation, a layer of the donor’s brain membrane or a slice of one’s own clera is placed between the conjunctiva and the sclera of the eye. This is necessary to strengthen the plus of vision. Even if the eyeball increases in size, the sclera prosthesis remains in its original form;
– laser treatment of myopia, during which the retina is strengthened. With an extreme degree of its thinning, the laser coagulation procedure is used for preventive purposes;
Vasoreconstructive surgery is performed to normalize the blood supply to the organ of vision.
With further progression of the disease, ophthalmologists prescribe medications that improve metabolic processes in the eye, osmotic agents and general treatment of eye tissues.
Correction of myopia may be accompanied by some complications – bleeding in the area of the eye retina, detachment of the vitreous body and detachment of the eye retina. These complications require the earliest possible referral to a specialist.